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〕 |footnotes = }} George Eastman (July 12, 1854 – March 14, 1932) was an American innovator and entrepreneur who founded the Eastman Kodak Company and popularized the use of roll film, helping to bring photography to the mainstream. Roll film was also the basis for the invention of motion picture film in 1888 by the world's first film-makers Eadweard Muybridge and Louis Le Prince, and a few years later by their followers Léon Bouly, Thomas Edison, the Lumière Brothers, and Georges Méliès. He was a major philanthropist, establishing the Eastman School of Music, and schools of dentistry and medicine at the University of Rochester and in London; contributing to the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) and the construction of several buildings at MIT's second campus on the Charles River. In addition he made major donations to Tuskegee and Hampton universities, historically black universities in the South. With interests in improving health, he provided funds for clinics in London and other European cities to serve low-income residents. In his final two years, Eastman was in intense pain caused by a disorder affecting his spine. On March 14, 1932, Eastman shot himself in the heart, leaving a note which read, "To my friends: my work is done. Why wait?"〔Lindsay, David ("George Eastman: The Final Shot" ). ''American Experience''. PBS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.〕 The George Eastman House, now operated as the International Museum of Photography and Film, has been designated a National Historic Landmark. Eastman is the only person represented by two stars in the Hollywood Walk of Fame in the same category, for his invention of roll film. ==Early life== Eastman was born in Waterville, New York to George Washington Eastman and Maria Eastman (née Kilbourn), the youngest child, at the 10-acre farm which his parents bought in 1849. He had two older sisters, Ellen Maria and Katie.〔 (University of Rochester Press, 2006 reprint: ISBN 1-580-46247-2. pp.12-19)〕 He was largely self-educated, although he attended a private school in Rochester after the age of eight.〔 In the early 1840s his father had started a business school, the Eastman Commercial College in Rochester, New York, described as one of the first "boomtowns" in the United States, based on rapid industrialization.〔 As his father's health started deteriorating, the family gave up the farm and moved to Rochester in 1860.〔 His father died of a brain disorder in May 1862. To survive and afford George's schooling, his mother took in boarders.〔 Maria's second daughter, Katie, had contracted polio when young and died in late 1870 when George was 16 years old. The young George left school early and started working to help support the family. As Eastman began to experience success with his photography business, he vowed to repay his mother for the hardships she had endured in raising him. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George Eastman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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